美国公务员委员会
美国公务员制度委员会是美国联邦政府设立的一个政府机构,起初的目的是为了考核联邦政府内部所雇用员工的绩效而设立的,1978年的公务员制度改革法案使它于1979年被解散,由美国人事管理办公室和考绩制度保护委员会取代。
![](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/US-CivilServiceCommission-Seal-EO11096.jpg/200px-US-CivilServiceCommission-Seal-EO11096.jpg)
历史沿革
编辑1871年,美国总统尤利西斯·辛普森·格兰特和美国国会通过了公务员制度改革法案,第一次成立美国公务员委员会。格兰特总统和美国国会持续两年拨款给委员会,直到1874年。然而严重依赖猎官制的美国国会(参议院更甚)没有继续拨款给公务员委员会。[1]格兰特总统的继任者——拉瑟福德·伯查德·海斯请求更新的资金,但没有被授予。
海斯的继任者詹姆斯·艾布拉姆·加菲尔德总统提倡改革公务员制度,但是遭猎官不成的查尔斯·J·古提奥暗杀。
加菲尔德总统的继任者切斯特·艾伦·阿瑟总统推动了公务员制度的改革,并且游说国会在1883年通过彭德尔顿法案。彭德尔顿法案的通过部分是由于公众对加菲尔德总统遭暗杀的反感。德尔顿法案重新为公务员委员会提供资金,并设立了一个三人委员会负责委员会运作,由亚瑟总统任命委员。彭德尔顿法案要求某些申请人参加公务员考试,才能获得某些工作;它也阻止了当选官员和政治任命者开除公务员,使公务员免受猎官和党派行为的影响。阿瑟总统和随后的总统继续扩大公务员委员会的权力,管理更多联邦部门的职务。公务员委员会除了减少猎官外,还减轻了美国总统任命联邦职务的繁重责任。
历届委员会主席
编辑1871年,第一位美国公务员委员会主席由美国总统尤利西斯·辛普森·格兰特任命。
名称 | 起始 | 结束 |
---|---|---|
George W. Curtis[2] | January 1, 1872 | January 1, 1874 |
Dorman B. Eaton | Mar 9, 1883 [3] | Nov 1, 1885 (resigned) [4] |
Alfred P. Edgerton | Nov 9, 1885 [5] | Feb 9, 1889 (removed) [5] |
Charles Lyman | May 13, 1889 [7] | Dec 15, 1893 (resigned) [8] |
John R. Procter | Dec 15, 1893 [8] | Dec 12, 1903 (died) [9] |
John C. Black | Jan 17, 1904 [10] | Jun 10, 1913 (resigned) [11] |
John A. McIlhenny | Jun 12, 1913 [12] | Feb 28, 1919 (resigned) [13] |
Martin A. Morrison | Mar 13, 1919 [13] | Jul 14, 1921 (resigned) [14] |
John H. Bartlett | Jul 15, 1921 [14] | Mar 12, 1922 (resigned) [14] |
William C. Deming | Mar 1, 1923 [15] | Feb 6, 1930 (resigned) [16] |
Thomas E. Campbell | Jul 11, 1930 [17] | c. 1933 (resigned) |
Harry B. Mitchell | May 19, 1933 [18] | Feb 26, 1951 (resigned) [19] |
Robert Ramspeck | Mar 16, 1951 [20] | Dec 31, 1952 (resigned) [21] |
Philip Young | Mar 23, 1953 [22] | Feb 11, 1957 (resigned) [23] |
Harris Ellsworth | Apr 18, 1957 [24] | Feb 28, 1959 (resigned) [24] |
Roger W. Jones | Mar 10, 1959 [25] | Jan 4, 1961 (resigned) [26] |
John W. Macy | Mar 6, 1961 [27] | Jan 18, 1969 (resigned) [28] |
Robert E. Hampton | Jan 18, 1969 [28] | c. 1977 [29] |
Alan K. Campbell | January 2, 1979 | January 20, 1981 |
关连项目
编辑参考来源
编辑- ^ Brands (2012), pp. 543-544
- ^ Smith (2001), p. 589
- ^ Foulke, W. D. Fighting the spoilsmen: reminiscences of the civil service reform movement (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1919), p.8
- ^ Cleveland, Grover. Accepting Letter of Resignation of Dorman B. Eaton (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) in The Writings and Speeches of Grover Cleveland, ed. George F. Parker (New York: Cassell Publishing Company, 1892), p.46
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Fourth Report of the United States Civil Service Commission (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (Washington: Government Printing Office. 1888) pp. 120-121
- ^ R.P. van Riper, 1958. History of the United States Civil Service, Row, Peterson & Co., 1958
- ^ Trying The Charleston, "New York Times", May 14, 1889
- ^ 8.0 8.1 Procter Succeeds Lyman (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), "The Daily Argus News" (Crawfordsville, Indiana), Dec 15 1893
- ^ ''Twentieth Annual Report of the United States Civil Service Commission (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1904) p. 7.
- ^ Gen. Black Takes The Oath, "New York Times", Jan 17, 1904
- ^ Thirty-First Annual Report of the United States Civil Service Commission (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1915) p. 116.
- ^ McIlhenny Heads Civil Service, "New York Times", Jun 13, 1913
- ^ 13.0 13.1 Thirty-Sixth Annual Report of the United States Civil Service Commission (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)(Washington: Government Printing Office, 1919) p. xxvii
- ^ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Thirty-Ninth Annual Report of the United States Civil Service Commission (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)(Washington: Government Printing Office, 1922) p. 121
- ^ The U.S. Civil Service Commission (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), "Congressional Digest", Vol II. No. 7 (April 1923), p. 198
- ^ Hoover, Herbert. Letter Accepting the Resignation of William C. Deming as President of the Civil Service Commission (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) in "Public Papers Of The Presidents Of The United States" (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1976)
- ^ Civil Service Head Takes Oath, "The Hartford Courant" (Hartford, Connecticut), Jul 11, 1930
- ^ Politics And Politicians (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), "Gazette And Bulletin" (Williamsport, Pennsylvania), May 20, 1933
- ^ Ramspeck Is Named Civil Service Head (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), "The Day" (New London, Connecticut), Feb 27, 1951
- ^ Ramspeck Takes Oath For Commission Post (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), "The Spokesman-Review" (Spokane, Washington), Mar 17, 1951
- ^ Civil Service Chief Quits, Wins Praise (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), "Toledo Blade" (Toledo, Ohio), Jan 1, 1953
- ^ Eisenhower Pledges To Rid Civil Service Of All Incompetents (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), "Florence Times" (Florence, Alabama), Mar 23, 1953
- ^ Two Quit CSC (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), "Reading Eagle" (Reading, Pennsylvania), Feb 11, 1957
- ^ 24.0 24.1 Ellsworth, Matthew Harris. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Senate Historical office and House Legislative Resource Center. [2016-10-06]. (原始内容存档于2011-09-16).
- ^ Roger Jones Becomes Head of Civil Service, "The Hartford Courant" (Hartford, Connecticut), Mar 10, 1959
- ^ Kennedy, Farm Bosses Tackle Issue[失效链接], "The Miami News" (Miami, Florida), Jan 5, 1961
- ^ Macy Serves First Month In Federal Post for Free, "The Hartford Courant" (Hartford, Connecticut), Mar 5, 1961
- ^ 28.0 28.1 Nixon Names Three to Policy Positions, "The Los Angeles Times" (Los Angeles, California), Jan 18, 1969
- ^ Robert E. Hampton, Member and Chairman, U.S. Civil Service Commission; Member and Chairman, Federal Labor Relations Council: Papers 1960-77. Gerald R. Ford Library-Guides. June 1989 [2011-02-09]. (原始内容存档于2011-07-01).