姜黄属
姜科的一属植物
姜黄属（学名：Curcuma）是姜科下的一个属，为多年生草本植物[3]。常见的植物有姜黄及姜荷花。该属共有50多种，分布于东南亚、华南地区、印度次大陆、新几内亚及澳大利亚北部[4]。 据报部分物种已在这个世界比较温暖的地区本土化，例如：非洲的热带地区、中美洲、北美洲的佛罗里达州及其他位于太平洋、印度洋及大西洋的岛屿上。一般来说，大多数姜黄属物种在阴凉处的松散沙质土壤中生长良好[2][5]。
姜黄属
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| Curcuma zedoaria 1896 illustration[1] | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支： | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
| 演化支： | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支： | 单子叶植物 Monocots |
| 演化支： | 鸭跖草类植物 Commelinids |
| 目： | 姜目 Zingiberales |
| 科： | 姜科 Zingiberaceae |
| 亚科： | 姜亚科 Zingiberoideae |
| 族： | 姜花族 Hedychieae |
| 属： | 姜黄属 Curcuma L.，1753 |
| 模式种 | |
| 姜黄 Curcuma longa L. (1753)
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| 异名[2] | |
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历史
编辑姜黄属的学名源于梵文的kuṅkuma，意思就是姜黄。西元五世纪前后、魏晋南北朝期间，郁金经西域、中亚再传入中国，用作香药。原名音译自波斯文 Kurkam (كركم)，以 -t 入声字“郁”对译 -r，以 -m 阳声韵字“金”对译波斯文 /kam/[6]。姜黄早在古时就已经为印度人用于医药用途[7]，更常用于为咖喱粉、芥末、黄油及奶酪等食物添色添味，又或替代藏红花或其他黄色色素的地位[8]。而在东亚，当地土产本属植物的根茎及膨大的块根大都可供药用：根茎为中药材“姜黄”或“莪术”的商品来源，块根则为“郁金”的来源[3]。
物种
编辑
- Curcuma achrae Saensouk & Boonma[10]
- Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.
- 白花姜黄 Curcuma albiflora Thwaites
- 姜荷花 Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep. : Siam tulip
- Curcuma amada Roxb. : mango-ginger
- 极苦姜黄 Curcuma amarissima Roscoe
- Curcuma andersonii (Baker) Škornick.
- Curcuma angustifolia Roxb.
- Curcuma antinaia Chaveer. & Tanee
- Curcuma arida Škornick. & N.S.Lý
- 郁金 Curcuma aromatica Salisb.
- 温郁金 Curcuma aromatica var. Wenyujin
- Curcuma arracanensis W.J.Kress & V.Gowda
- Curcuma aruna Maknoi & Saensouk[11]
- Curcuma attenuata Wall. ex Baker
- Curcuma aurantiaca Zijp
- Curcuma australasica Hook.f.
- Curcuma bakeriana Hemsl.
- Curcuma bella Maknoi, K.Larsen & Sirirugsa
- Curcuma bhatii (R.M.Sm.) Škornick. & M.Sabu
- 双色姜黄 Curcuma bicolor Mood & K.Larsen
- Curcuma caesia Roxb.
- Curcuma campanulata (Kuntze) Škornick.
- Curcuma candida (Wall.) Techapr. & Škornick.
- Curcuma cannanorensis R.Ansari, V.J.Nair & N.C.Nair
- Curcuma caulina J.Graham
- Curcuma ceratotheca K.Schum.
- Curcuma chantaranothaii Boonma & Saensouk
- Curcuma charanii Boonma & Saensouk [12]
- Curcuma cinnabarina Škorničk. & Soonthornk.[13]
- Curcuma clovisii Škornick.
- 交趾姜黄 Curcuma cochinchinensis Gagnep.
- Curcuma codonantha Škornick., M.Sabu & Prasanthk.
- Curcuma coerulea K.Schum.
- Curcuma colorata Valeton
- Curcuma comosa Roxb.
- Curcuma coriacea Mangaly & M.Sabu
- Curcuma corniculata Škornick.[14]
- Curcuma cotuana Luu, Škornick. & H.Ð.Tran[15]
- Curcuma decipiens Dalzell
- Curcuma eburnea Škorničk., Suksathan & Soonthornk.[13]
- Curcuma ecomata Craib
- Curcuma elata Roxb.
- Curcuma euchroma Valeton
- 细莪术 Curcuma exigua N.Liu
- Curcuma ferruginea Roxb.
- Curcuma flammea kornick.[14]
- 黄花姜黄 Curcuma flaviflora S.Q.Tong[11]
- Curcuma glans K.Larsen & Mood
- Curcuma glauca (Wall.) Škornick.
- Curcuma gracillima Gagnep.
- Curcuma graminifolia (K.Larsen & Jenjitt.) Škornick.
- Curcuma grandiflora Wall. ex Baker
- 古林箐姜黄 Curcuma gulinqingensis N.H.Xia & Juan Chen
- Curcuma haritha Mangaly & M.Sabu
- Curcuma harmandii Gagnep.
- Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zijp
- Curcuma ignea Ruchis. & Jenjitt.[16]
- Curcuma inodora Blatt.
- Curcuma involucrata (King ex Baker) Škornick.
- Curcuma kakchingense Bidyaleima, Kishor & Sharma[17]
- Curcuma karnatakensis Amalraj, Velay. & Mural.
- Curcuma kayahensis Nob.Tanaka & M.M.Aung
- Curcuma kudagensis Velay., V.S.Pillai & Amalraj
- 广西莪术 Curcuma kwangsiensis S.G.Lee & C.F.Liang
- Curcuma larsenii Maknoi & Jenjitt.
- Curcuma latiflora Valeton
- Curcuma latifolia Roscoe
- Curcuma leonidii Škornick. & Luu identified at 布亚摩国家公园[18]
- Curcuma leucorrhiza Roxb.
- Curcuma lindstromii Škorničk. & Soonthornk.[19]
- Curcuma lithophila Škorničk. & Soonthornk.[20]
- Curcuma loerzingii Valeton
- 姜黄 Curcuma longa L. : turmeric - 模式种
- Curcuma longispica Valeton
- Curcuma macrochlamys (Baker) Škornick.
- Curcuma mangga Valeton & Zijp
- Curcuma maxwellii Škorničk. & Suksathan[21]
- Curcuma meraukensis Valeton
- Curcuma montana Roxb.
- Curcuma mukhraniae R.Kr.Singh & Arti Garg
- Curcuma mutabilis Škornick., M.Sabu & Prasanthk.
- 缅甸姜黄 Curcuma myanmarensis (W.J.Kress) Škornick.
- Curcuma nakhonphanomensis Boonma, Saensouk & P. Saensouk[22]
- 南昆山莪术 Curcuma nankunshanensis N.Liu, X.B.Ye & Juan Chen
- Curcuma neilgherrensis Wight
- 尼泊尔姜黄 Curcuma nepalensis M. Sabu, Kasaju & S. Subedi[23]
- Curcuma newmanii Škornick.
- Curcuma oligantha Trimen
- Curcuma ornata Wall. ex Baker
- Curcuma pambrosima Škornick. & N.S.Lý
- Curcuma papilionacea Soonthornk., Ongsakul & Škorničk.[24]
- Curcuma parviflora Wall.
- Curcuma parvula Gage
- Curcuma pedicellata (Chaveer. & Mokkamul) Škornick.
- Curcuma peramoena Souvann. & Maknoi[25]
- 女王郁金 Curcuma petiolata Roxb.
- 莪术 Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton
- Curcuma phrayawan Boonma & Saensouk[12]
- Curcuma picta Roxb. ex Škornick.
- Curcuma pierreana Gagnep.
- Curcuma pitukii Maknoi, Saensouk, Rakarcha & Thammar.[11]
- Curcuma plicata Wall. ex Baker
- Curcuma porphyrotaenia Zipp. ex Span.
- Curcuma prakasha S.Tripathi
- Curcuma prasina Skornick.
- Curcuma pseudomontana J.Graham
- Curcuma puangpeniae Boonma & Saensouk[12]
- Curcuma pulcherrima Boonma, Saensouk & P. Saensouk[26]
- Curcuma purpurascens Blume
- Curcuma purpurata Boonma & Saensouk[12]
- Curcuma putii Maknoi & Jenjitt.[27]
- Curcuma pygmaea Škornick. & Šída f.
- Curcuma rangjued Saensouk & Boonma [28]
- Curcuma rangsimae Boonma & Saensouk [12]
- Curcuma reclinata Roxb.
- Curcuma rhabdota Sirirugsa & M.F.Newman
- Curcuma rhomba Mood & K.Larsen
- Curcuma roscoeana Wall.
- Curcuma rosea P. Saensouk, S. Saensouk & Boonma[12]
- Curcuma roxburghii M.A.Rahman & Yusuf
- Curcuma rubescens Roxb.
- Curcuma rubroaurantiaca Škorničk. & Soonthornk[21]
- Curcuma rubrobracteata Škornick., M.Sabu & Prasanthk.
- Curcuma rufostriata Škorničk. & Soonthornk.[20]
- Curcuma ruiliensis N. H. Xia & Juan Chen[29]
- Curcuma sahuynhensis Škornick. & N.S.Lý
- 沙拉武里姜黄 Curcuma saraburiensis Boonma & Saensouk，泰国沙拉武里府[30]
- Curcuma sattayasaiorum Chaveer. & Sudmoon
- Curcuma scaposa (Nimmo) Škornick. & M.Sabu
- Curcuma sessilis Gage
- 暹罗姜黄 Curcuma siamensis Saensouk & Boonma[31]
- 四川姜黄 Curcuma sichuanensis X.X.Chen,川郁金
- Curcuma singularis Gagnep.
- 六感姜黄 Curcuma sixsensesensis D.D. Nguyen & T.A. Le[32]
- Curcuma sparganiifolia Gagnep.
- Curcuma stahlianthoides Škorničk. & Soonthornk. [33]
- Curcuma stenochila Gagnep.
- Curcuma strobilifera Wall. ex Baker
- 苏门答腊姜黄 Curcuma sumatrana Miq.
- Curcuma suphanensis P. Saensouk, Boonma, Rakarcha, Maknoi, Wongnak & S. Saensouk[12]
- Curcuma supraneeana (W.J.Kress & K.Larsen) Škornick.
- Curcuma suraponii Boonma. 2023[34]
- Curcuma sylvatica Valeton
- Curcuma thorelii Gagnep.
- 童氏姜黄 Curcuma tongii Y.H.Tan & Li X.Zhang[35]
- Curcuma trichosantha Gagnep.
- Curcuma ubonensis Boonma, Saensouk, Maknoi & P. Saensouk[36]
- Curcuma vamana M.Sabu & Mangaly
- Curcuma vinhlinhensis D.D. Nguyen & T.A. Le[32]
- 二黄 Curcuma viridiflora Roxb.，绿花姜黄
- Curcuma vitellina Škornick. & H.Ð.Tran
- Curcuma wallichii M.A.Rahman & Yusuf
- Curcuma wanenlueanga Saensouk, Thomudtha & Boonma[37]
- 温郁金 urcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen & C. Ling
- Curcuma wilcockii M.A.Rahman & Yusuf
- Curcuma woodii N.H.Xia & Juan Chen[38]
- Curcuma xanthella Škornick.
- 英德姜黄 Curcuma yingdeensis N.H.Xia & Juan Chen
- 顶花莪术 Curcuma yunnanensis N.Liu & S.J.Chen，云南姜黄
- 印尼莪术 Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb. : temu lawak
- 白莪术 Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe : zedoary
- Curcuma zedoarioides Chaveer. & Tanee
图库
编辑
-
Curcuma aeruginosa -
Curcuma longa -
Curcuma sp. -
Curcuma sp.
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参考文献
编辑- ^ Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families （英语）.[失效链接]
- ^ 3.0 3.1 姜黄属 Curcuma L.. 中国植物物种信息数据库. [2021-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-03） （中文（简体））.
- ^ Curcuma [family Zingiberaceae] on JSTOR. plants.jstor.org. [2020-12-15]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-25）.
- ^ Sirirugsa, P.; Larsen, K.; Maknoi, C. The Genus Curcuma L . ( Zingiberaceae ) : Distribution and Classification with Reference to Species Diversity in Thailand. www.semanticscholar.org. 2010 [2020-12-15]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-25） （英语）.
- ^ Berthold Laufer, Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran (Chicago: the Field Museum of National History, 1919) , pp. 309-323.
- ^ Prasad, Sahdeo; Aggarwal, Bharat B., Benzie, Iris F. F.; Wachtel-Galor, Sissi , 编, Turmeric, the Golden Spice: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Medicine, Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects 2nd (Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor & Francis), 2011 [2021-01-15], ISBN 978-1-4398-0713-2, PMID 22593922, （原始内容存档于2021-03-11）
- ^ Tawney, C. H. The Ocean of Story, chapter 104. 1924: 13 [2021-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-25）.
- ^ Plants of the World Online: Curcuma L. (retrieved 3 May 2021). [2021-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-15）.
- ^ Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Piyaporn Surapon Saensouk. 2022. Curcuma achrae (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Central Thailand. Rheedea. 32(1); 30-45. DOI: 10.22244/rheedea.2022.32.01.03
- ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Charun Maknoi, Surapon Saensouk, Piyaporn Saensouk, Sarayut Rakarcha and Woranart Thammarong. 2021. Two New Species of Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas. 22; 3910-3921. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220937
- ^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Piyaporn Saensouk. 2021. Six New Species and A New Record of Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas. 22(4); 1658-1685. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220410 引用错误：带有name属性“Saensouk”的
<ref>标签用不同内容定义了多次 - ^ 13.0 13.1 J. Leong-Škorničková, S. Soonthornkalump and P. Suksathan. 2020. Curcuma cinnabarina and C. eburnea (Zingiberaceae: Zingiberoideae), Two New Species from Thailand. Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 77(3): 391 - 402. DOI: 10.1017/S0960428620000049
- ^ 14.0 14.1 J. Leong-Škorničková; O. Šída; S. Bouamanivong; K. Souvannakhoummane; K. Phathavong. 2014. Three New Ginger Species (Zingiberaceae) from Laos. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 59; 106–112
- ^ Hồng Trường Lu'u, Hữu Đăng Trần, Trần Quốc Trung Nguyễn and Jana Leong-Škorničková. 2017. Curcuma cotuana sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae) from central Vietnam. Nordic Journal of Botany. 35(5); 552–556. DOI: 10.1111/njb.01594
- ^ S. Ruchisansakun and T. Jenjittikul. 2023. Curcuma ignea (Zingiberaceae), A spectacular New Species from Thailand. Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 80 DOI: 10.24823/ejb.2023.1959
- ^ Bidyaleima Laishram, Kishor Rajkumar and Gurumayum J. Sharma. 2023. Curcuma kakchingense (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from northeast India. Nordic Journal of Botany. e04023. DOI: 10.1111/njb.04023
- ^ Leonid crocus (Curcuma leonidii) – a new species discovered in Bu Gia Map National Park in Binh Phuoc province. Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology. [2014-05-03]. （原始内容存档于2014-05-04）.
- ^ J. Leong-Škorničková, S. Soonthornkalump, S. Niwesrat and S.Q. Lim. 2022. Curcuma lindstromii (Zingiberaceae: Zingiberoideae), A New Species from southeastern Thailand. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 74(2): 243–250.
- ^ 20.0 20.1 Sutthinut Soonthornkalump, Tidarat Pungpairote, Sira Niwesrat and Jana Skornickova. 2021. Curcuma lithophila and C. rufostriata (Zingiberaceae), Two New Species from Thailand, and Additional Notes on C. papilionacea. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany). 49(1); 32-43. DOI: 10.20531/tfb.2021.49.1.03
- ^ 21.0 21.1 Jana Leong-Škorničková, Sutthinut Soonthornkalump, Anders Jan Lindström, Sira Niwesrat, Sarah Qing Lim and Piyakaset Suksathan. 2023. Curcuma maxwellii and C. rubroaurantiaca (Zingiberaceae, Zingiberoideae), Two New Species from Thailand. PhytoKeys. 235: 237-248. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.235.111400
- ^ Piyaporn Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Surapon Saensouk. 2022. Curcuma nakhonphanomensis (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from the lower Mekong River Basin, northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas. 23: 6040-6048. https://smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/12165 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- ^ Mamiyil Sabu, Saroj Kumar Kasaju and Sajan Subedi. 2023. Curcuma nepalensis (Zingiberaceae), a New Species from Nepal. Annales Botanici Fennici 60(1), 185-189. DOI: 10.5735/085.060.0127
- ^ Sutthinut Soonthornkalump, Annop Ongsakul, Aumdah Dolaji and Jana Leong-Škorničková. 2020. Curcuma papilionacea (Zingiberaceae), An Unusual New Species from southern Thailand. Phytotaxa. 432(1); 11–16. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.432.1.2
- ^ Keooudone Souvannakhoummane and Charun Maknoi. 2014. Curcuma peramoena (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from north Lao PDR. THAI JOURNAL OF BOTANY. 6(2); 125-130.
- ^ Piyaporn Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Surapon Saensouk. 2022. Curcuma pulcherrima (Zingiberaceae), A New Rare Species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomata from eastern Thailand. Biodiversitas. 23: 6635-6644. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231262
- ^ Charun Maknoi, Saroj Ruchisansakun and Thaya Jenjittikul. 2019. Curcuma putii (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Annales Botanici Fennici. 56; 351-353. plantscience.sc.mahidol.ac.th/?p=2837
- ^ Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Piyaporn Saensouk. 2021. A New Species and A New Record of Curcuma subgen. Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) from Northern Thailand. Biodiversitas. 22(9); 3661-3670.
- ^ Juan Chen, Yu‐Shi Ye and Nian‐He Xia. 2021. Curcuma ruiliensis (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Yunnan, China. Nordic Journal of Botany. DOI: 10.1111/njb.02910
- ^ Thawatphong Boonma and Surapon Saensouk. 2019. Curcuma saraburiensis (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Taiwania. 64(3); 245-248. DOI: 10.6165/tai.2019.64.245
- ^ Saensouk P, Boonma T, Saensouk S. 2021. Curcuma siamensis (Zingiberaceae, Zingibereae), A New Species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomatae from Southeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas. 22(12); 5239-5246. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221201 smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/9607
- ^ 32.0 32.1 Danh Duc Nguyen, Tuan Anh Le, Quoc Huy Hoang, Quoc Thuong Le and Emmy Nguyen. 2022. Two New Taxa of Curcuma sect. Ecomata (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae), from coastal Central Vietnam. Biodiversitas. 23: 2512-2519. smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/10603
- ^ Sutthinut Soonthornkalump, Juthamas Kongphapa, Sukontip Vianmana, Natcha Kunlapa and Jana Leong-Skornickova. 2022. Curcuma stahlianthoides (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from northeastern Thailand dispersed by Ants. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 67(1); 71–75. DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2022.67.01.09
- ^ Thawatphong Boonma. 2023. Curcuma suraponii sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae), A New Species of Curcuma Subgen. Curcuma from Thailand. BIODIVERSITAS. 24(9); 4885-4895. smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/15553
- ^ Tan, Yun-Hong; Zhang, Zhong-Lian; Li, Hai-Tao; Ding, Hong-Bo; Zhang, Li-Xia. Curcuma tongii , a new species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomatae (Zingiberaceae) from southern Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa. 2019-03-11, 395 (3): 241–247 [2021-07-24]. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.395.3.9. （原始内容存档于2021-02-26） （英语）.
- ^ Piyaporn SAENSOUK, Thawatphong BOONMA, Charun MAKNOI and Surapon SAENSOUK. 2023. Curcuma ubonensis (Zingiberaceae), A New Species of Curcuma subgen. Hitcheniopsis from Eastern Thailand. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 51(4), 13374. DOI: 10.15835/nbha51413374
- ^ Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma, Adisak Thomudtha, Pariya Thomudtha and Piyaporn Saensouk. 2021. Curcuma wanenlueanga (Zingiberaceae), A New Species of Subgenus Curcuma from Thailand. Biodiversitas: Journal of Biological Diversity. 22(7); 2988-2994. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220752
- ^ Juan CHEN, Anders J. LINDSTROM and Nian-He XIA . 2015. Curcuma woodii (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Phytotaxa. 227(1): 075–082. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.227.1.8
