粒子發現年表

這是一份依據粒子被發現年份的先後順序來進行排序的列表。如想找到更詳細的列表，請參看粒子列表。

1897：電子被約瑟夫·湯姆生發現^[1]
1919：質子被歐內斯特·盧瑟福發現^[2]
1932：中子被詹姆斯·查德威克發現^[3]
1932：反電子(或正電子) 美國物理學家卡爾·戴維·安德森在宇宙射線中發現了它^[4]
1937：發現緲子^[5]
1947：發現π介子，1935年湯川秀樹預測了介子的存在^[6]
1947：K介子由曼徹斯特大學G·D·羅徹斯特和克里福德·查理斯·巴特勒發現^[7]
1955：反質子由埃米利奧·塞格雷和歐文·張伯倫發現^[8]
1956：發現電微中子，華夫岡·鮑利在1930年預言到它的存在，克萊德·科溫、弗雷德里克·萊因斯等人在實驗中證實了鮑利的預言^[9]
1962：μ微中子被利昂·萊德曼、梅爾文·施瓦茨和傑克·施泰因貝格爾發現^[10]
1974：兩個互相之間獨立的研究組分別首次發現J/ψ介子其中一個組是伯頓·里克特領導的史丹福直線加速器中心，另一個組是麻省理工學院丁肇中領導的布魯克黑文國家實驗室^[11]^[12]
1975：陶子由馬丁·佩爾1977年發現^[13]
1983：發現W和Z玻色子^[14]^[15]
1995：費米實驗室的CDF和DØ兩個研究團隊發現了頂夸克^[16]^[17]
2000：費米實驗室首次發現τ微中子^[18]

2012：發現希格斯玻色子但還有待物理學者進一步分析來完全確定^[19]

參見

參考資料

^ J.J. Thomson. Cathode Rays. Philosophical Magazine. 1897, 44: 293 [2012-11-03]. （原始內容存檔於2015-11-24）.
^ E. Rutherford. Collision of α Particles with Light Atoms IV. An Anomalous Effect in Nitrogen. Philosophical Magazine. 1919, 37: 581.
^ J. Chadwick. Possible Existence of a Neutron. Nature. 1932, 129 (3252): 312. Bibcode:1932Natur.129Q.312C. doi:10.1038/129312a0.
^ C.D. Anderson. The Apparent Existence of Easily Deflectable Positives. Science. 1932, 76 (1967): 238–9. Bibcode:1932Sci....76..238A. PMID 17731542. doi:10.1126/science.76.1967.238.
^ S.H. Neddermeyer, C.D. Anderson. Note on the nature of Cosmic-Ray Particles. Physical Review. 1937, 51 (10): 884. Bibcode:1937PhRv...51..884N. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.51.884.
^ H. Yukawa. On the Interaction of Elementary Particles (PDF). Proceedings of the Physico-Mathematical Society of Japan. 1935, 17: 48 [2013-11-17]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2018-02-19）.
^ G.D. Rochester, C.C. Butler. Evidence for the Existence of New Unstable Elementary Particles. Nature. 1947, 160 (4077): 855. Bibcode:1947Natur.160..855R. doi:10.1038/160855a0.
^ O. Chamberlain, E. Segrè, C. Wiegand, T. Ypsilantis. Observation of Antiprotons. Physical Review. 1955, 100 (3): 947. Bibcode:1955PhRv..100..947C. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.100.947.
^ F. Reines, C.L. Cowan. The Neutrino. Nature. 1956, 178 (4531): 446. Bibcode:1956Natur.178..446R. doi:10.1038/178446a0.
^ G. Danby; et al. Observation of High-Energy Neutrino Reactions and the Existence of Two Kinds of Neutrinos. Physical Review Letters. 1962, 9 (1): 36. Bibcode:1962PhRvL...9...36D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.9.36.
^ J.J. Aubert; et al. Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J. Physical Review Letters. 1974, 33 (23): 1404. Bibcode:1974PhRvL..33.1404A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1404.
^ J.-E. Augustin; et al. Discovery of a Narrow Resonance in e⁺e⁻ Annihilation. Physical Review Letters. 1974, 33 (23): 1406. Bibcode:1974PhRvL..33.1406A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1406.
^ M.L. Perl; et al. Evidence for Anomalous Lepton Production in e⁺–e⁻ Annihilation. Physical Review Letters. 1975, 35 (22): 1489. Bibcode:1975PhRvL..35.1489P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.35.1489.
^ J.J. Aubert et al. (European Muon Collaboration). The ratio of the nucleon structure functions F₂^N for iron and deuterium. Physics Letters B. 1983, 123 (3–4): 275. Bibcode:1983PhLB..123..275A. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90437-9.
^ G. Arnison et al. (UA1 collaboration). Experimental observation of lepton pairs of invariant mass around 7001950000000000000♠95 GeV/c² at the CERN SPS collider. Physics Letters B. 1983, 126 (5): 398. Bibcode:1983PhLB..126..398A. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90188-0.
^ F. Abe et al. (CDF collaboration). Observation of Top quark production in p–p Collisions with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74 (14): 2626–2631. Bibcode:1995PhRvL..74.2626A. PMID 10057978. arXiv:hep-ex/9503002  . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2626.
^ S. Arabuchi et al. (D0 collaboration). Observation of the Top Quark. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74 (14): 2632–2637. Bibcode:1995PhRvL..74.2632A. PMID 10057979. arXiv:hep-ex/9503003  . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2632.
^ Physicists Find First Direct Evidence for Tau Neutrino at Fermilab (新聞稿). Fermilab. 20 July 2000 [20 March 2010]. （原始內容存檔於2016-10-20）.
^ Boyle, Alan. Milestone in Higgs quest: Scientists find new particle. MSNBC (MSNBC). July 4, 2012 [July 5, 2012]. （原始內容存檔於2012-07-07）.

[1] J.J. Thomson. Cathode Rays. Philosophical Magazine. 1897, 44: 293 [2012-11-03]. （原始內容存檔於2015-11-24）.

[2] E. Rutherford. Collision of α Particles with Light Atoms IV. An Anomalous Effect in Nitrogen. Philosophical Magazine. 1919, 37: 581.

[3] J. Chadwick. Possible Existence of a Neutron. Nature. 1932, 129 (3252): 312. Bibcode:1932Natur.129Q.312C. doi:10.1038/129312a0.

[4] C.D. Anderson. The Apparent Existence of Easily Deflectable Positives. Science. 1932, 76 (1967): 238–9. Bibcode:1932Sci....76..238A. PMID 17731542. doi:10.1126/science.76.1967.238.

[5] S.H. Neddermeyer, C.D. Anderson. Note on the nature of Cosmic-Ray Particles. Physical Review. 1937, 51 (10): 884. Bibcode:1937PhRv...51..884N. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.51.884.

[6] H. Yukawa. On the Interaction of Elementary Particles (PDF). Proceedings of the Physico-Mathematical Society of Japan. 1935, 17: 48 [2013-11-17]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2018-02-19）.

[7] G.D. Rochester, C.C. Butler. Evidence for the Existence of New Unstable Elementary Particles. Nature. 1947, 160 (4077): 855. Bibcode:1947Natur.160..855R. doi:10.1038/160855a0.

[8] O. Chamberlain, E. Segrè, C. Wiegand, T. Ypsilantis. Observation of Antiprotons. Physical Review. 1955, 100 (3): 947. Bibcode:1955PhRv..100..947C. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.100.947.

[9] F. Reines, C.L. Cowan. The Neutrino. Nature. 1956, 178 (4531): 446. Bibcode:1956Natur.178..446R. doi:10.1038/178446a0.

[10] G. Danby; et al. Observation of High-Energy Neutrino Reactions and the Existence of Two Kinds of Neutrinos. Physical Review Letters. 1962, 9 (1): 36. Bibcode:1962PhRvL...9...36D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.9.36.

[11] J.J. Aubert; et al. Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J. Physical Review Letters. 1974, 33 (23): 1404. Bibcode:1974PhRvL..33.1404A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1404.

[12] J.-E. Augustin; et al. Discovery of a Narrow Resonance in e⁺e⁻ Annihilation. Physical Review Letters. 1974, 33 (23): 1406. Bibcode:1974PhRvL..33.1406A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1406.

[13] M.L. Perl; et al. Evidence for Anomalous Lepton Production in e⁺–e⁻ Annihilation. Physical Review Letters. 1975, 35 (22): 1489. Bibcode:1975PhRvL..35.1489P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.35.1489.

[14] J.J. Aubert et al. (European Muon Collaboration). The ratio of the nucleon structure functions F₂^N for iron and deuterium. Physics Letters B. 1983, 123 (3–4): 275. Bibcode:1983PhLB..123..275A. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90437-9.

[15] G. Arnison et al. (UA1 collaboration). Experimental observation of lepton pairs of invariant mass around 7001950000000000000♠95 GeV/c² at the CERN SPS collider. Physics Letters B. 1983, 126 (5): 398. Bibcode:1983PhLB..126..398A. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90188-0.

[16] F. Abe et al. (CDF collaboration). Observation of Top quark production in p–p Collisions with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74 (14): 2626–2631. Bibcode:1995PhRvL..74.2626A. PMID 10057978. arXiv:hep-ex/9503002  . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2626.

[17] S. Arabuchi et al. (D0 collaboration). Observation of the Top Quark. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74 (14): 2632–2637. Bibcode:1995PhRvL..74.2632A. PMID 10057979. arXiv:hep-ex/9503003  . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2632.

[18] Physicists Find First Direct Evidence for Tau Neutrino at Fermilab (新聞稿). Fermilab. 20 July 2000 [20 March 2010]. （原始內容存檔於2016-10-20）.

[19] Boyle, Alan. Milestone in Higgs quest: Scientists find new particle. MSNBC (MSNBC). July 4, 2012 [July 5, 2012]. （原始內容存檔於2012-07-07）.

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