爐甘石洗劑

爐甘石洗劑
組成
氧化鋅	收斂
氧化鐵	止癢
臨床資料
讀音	KAL-ə-mine
其他名稱	卡拉明洗劑
核准狀況	美 DailyMed: Calamine;
給藥途徑	外用
ATC碼	D02AB (WHO) ;
法律規範狀態
法律規範	中：乙類非處方藥 ; 美：OTC;
識別資訊
CAS號	8011-96-9
PubChem CID	23083748;
ChemSpider	16112062;
KEGG	D03284;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL3989426;
化學資訊
3D模型（JSmol（英語：JSmol））	交互式圖像;
	SMILES [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn+2];
	InChI InChI=1S/2Fe.4O.Zn/q2+3;4-2;+2; Key:CPYIZQLXMGRKSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N;

爐甘石洗劑（英語：Calamine lotion），或音譯作卡拉明洗劑，是一種用於治療輕度瘙癢的藥物^[2]^[3]，包括曬傷、昆蟲叮咬、毒漆藤、毒橡樹和其他輕度皮膚病^[4]^[5]。它還可能有助於乾燥皮膚的刺激。^[1]它作為乳霜或乳液塗抹在皮膚上。^[2]

副作用可能包括皮膚刺激。^[4]它被認為在懷孕期間是安全的。^[4]爐甘石是氧化鋅和0.5%氧化鐵的混合。^[6]乳液是用苯酚和氫氧化鈣等附加成分生產的。^[6]^[7]

爐甘石洗劑的使用可以追溯到公元前1500年。^[8]它在世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單中。^[9]爐甘石可作為非處方藥購買。^[5]

醫療用途

爐甘石用於治療瘙癢。^[2]包括曬傷、昆蟲叮咬或其他輕微的皮膚狀況。^[4]^[5]

效用

FDA 建議使用一些外用的非處方皮膚產品，例如爐甘石洗劑，以吸收由毒藤、毒橡樹和毒漆樹等有毒植物引起的皮膚病徵。為了緩解這些植物引起的疼痛或瘙癢，FDA文件建議使用冷水敷布和外用皮質類固醇。^[10]

參考資料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Calamine (topical) medical facts from Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. （原始內容存檔於2017-11-07）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 801. ISBN 9780857111562.
^ World Health Organization. Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR , 編. WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. 2009: 303. ISBN 9789241547659. hdl:10665/44053 （英語）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Aqueous Calamine Cream BP - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC). www.medicines.org.uk. 18 November 2016 [29 December 2016]. （原始內容存檔於30 December 2016）.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Hamilton, Richart. Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2015: 191. ISBN 9781284057560.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Braun-Falco, Otto; Plewig, Gerd; Wolff, Helmut Heinrich; Burgdorf, Walter. Dermatology 2. Springer Science & Business Media. 2012: 1724. ISBN 9783642979316. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-29）（英語）.
^ Ma, Joseph K. H.; Hadzija, Boka. Basic Physical Pharmacy. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 2012: 327. ISBN 9780763757342. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-30）（英語）.
^ Bendich, Adrianne; Deckelbaum, Richard J. Preventive Nutrition: The Comprehensive Guide for Health Professionals 5. Springer. 2016: 608. ISBN 9783319224312. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-30）（英語）.
^ World Health Organization. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. hdl:10665/325771  . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^ Outsmarting Poison Ivy and Other Poisonous Plants. U.S. Food and Drug Administration: Consumer Updates. 9 June 2021 [Originally posted c. June 2009, since updated but advice unchanged]. （原始內容存檔於5 June 2009）.

外部連結

Calamine. Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. [2022-08-08]. （原始內容存檔於2022-05-17）.

[MTM2016-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Calamine (topical) medical facts from Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. （原始內容存檔於2017-11-07）.

[BNF69-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 801. ISBN 9780857111562.

[WHO2008-3] World Health Organization. Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR , 編. WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. 2009: 303. ISBN 9789241547659. hdl:10665/44053 （英語）.

[UK2016a-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Aqueous Calamine Cream BP - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC). www.medicines.org.uk. 18 November 2016 [29 December 2016]. （原始內容存檔於30 December 2016）.

[Ric2015-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Hamilton, Richart. Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2015: 191. ISBN 9781284057560.

[Br2012-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Braun-Falco, Otto; Plewig, Gerd; Wolff, Helmut Heinrich; Burgdorf, Walter. Dermatology 2. Springer Science & Business Media. 2012: 1724. ISBN 9783642979316. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-29）（英語）.

[7] Ma, Joseph K. H.; Hadzija, Boka. Basic Physical Pharmacy. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 2012: 327. ISBN 9780763757342. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-30）（英語）.

[8] Bendich, Adrianne; Deckelbaum, Richard J. Preventive Nutrition: The Comprehensive Guide for Health Professionals 5. Springer. 2016: 608. ISBN 9783319224312. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-30）（英語）.

[WHO21st-9] World Health Organization. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. hdl:10665/325771  . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

[10] Outsmarting Poison Ivy and Other Poisonous Plants. U.S. Food and Drug Administration: Consumer Updates. 9 June 2021 [Originally posted c. June 2009, since updated but advice unchanged]. （原始內容存檔於5 June 2009）.

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