格雷戈里夫人
格雷戈里夫人伊莎貝拉·奧古斯塔(Isabella Augusta, Lady Gregory;1852年3月15日—1932年5月22日)[1],原姓珀斯(Persse),是一名劇作家、民俗學家和劇院經理。她與葉芝、愛德華·馬丁一起創辦了愛爾蘭文學劇院和阿比劇院,並為兩所劇院創作了大量的劇本。此外,她也以愛爾蘭神話為本寫了不少小說。她是愛爾蘭文學復興中的重要人物,該運動中的許多人物都曾到她家聚會。
Augusta, Lady Gregory | |
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出生 | Isabella Augusta Persse 1852年3月15日 愛爾蘭戈爾韋郡羅克斯伯勒 |
逝世 | 1932年5月22日 愛爾蘭戈爾韋郡戈特 | (80歲)
墓地 | 戈爾韋 |
國籍 | 愛爾蘭 |
職業 | 劇作家、民俗學家、劇院經理 |
知名於 | 愛爾蘭文學復興 |
配偶 | 威廉·亨利·格雷戈里 (1880年結婚—1892年結束) |
兒女 | 威廉·羅伯特·格雷戈里(William Robert Gregory) |
親屬 | 休·萊恩爵士(外甥) |
生平
編輯她出生於愛爾蘭戈爾韋郡羅克斯伯勒(Roxborough)的鄉紳家庭,母親弗蘭西斯·巴里和是第一代吉勒莫爾子爵斯坦迪什·奧格拉迪(Standish O'Grady, 1st Viscount Guillamore)的親戚,母親家就在羅克斯伯勒有大量地產,但很大一部分在愛爾蘭內戰期間焚毀[2]。伊莎貝拉在家裏接受教育,受家其保姆瑪麗·謝立丹(Mary Sheridan)影響很大。[3]
1880年3月4日,她和比她大35歲的鰥夫威廉·亨利·格雷戈里爵士在都柏林的聖馬提亞教堂(St Matthias' Church)結婚[4]。格雷戈里當時剛剛卸任英屬錫蘭總督,但也是一位很有文學修養的紳士。格雷戈里在倫敦有一所房子,夫婦二人大部分時間都在那裏度過,每週舉辦沙龍,遍邀文藝界名人。羅伯特·勃朗寧、丁尼生、約翰·艾佛雷特·米萊和亨利·詹姆斯都曾是她家的座上賓。1881年,格雷戈里夫人誕下一子羅伯特。羅伯特在第一次世界大戰期間當上飛行員,最終戰死。葉芝後來據此事寫成《預見自己死亡的愛爾蘭飛行員》(An Irish Airman Foresees His Death)。[5][6]
參考文獻
編輯- ^ Augusta, Lady Gregory. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2018-03-08 [2018-03-13]. (原始內容存檔於2018-03-14).
- ^ Foster 2003,第484頁.
- ^ Shrank & Demastes 1997,第108頁.
- ^ Coxhead 1961,第22頁.
- ^ "Representing the Great War: Texts and Contexts" (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 8th edition, accessed 5 October 2007.
- ^ Kermode 1957,第31頁.
參考書目
編輯- Coxhead, Elizabeth, Lady Gregory: a literary portrait, Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961
- DiBattista, Maria; McDiarmid, Lucy, High and Low Moderns: Literature and Culture, 1889–1939, New York: Oxford University Press, 1996
- Dick, Susan; Ellmann, Richard; Kiberd, Declan, Essays for Richard Ellmann: Omnium Gatherum, The Yearbook of English Studies, 22 Medieval Narrative Special Number (McGill-Queen's Press), 1992,, 22 Medieval Narrative Special Number
- Ellis, Samantha, The Playboy of the Western World, Dublin, 1907, The Guardian, 2003-04-16 [2020-02-17], (原始內容存檔於2008-02-09)
- Emerson Rogers, Howard, Irish Myth and the Plot of Ulysses, ELH, December 1948, 15 (4): 306–327
- Foster, R. F, W. B. Yeats: A Life, Vol. II: The Arch-Poet 1915–1939, New York: Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-19-818465-4
- Frazier, Adrian, The double life of a lady, The Irish Times, 2002-03-23
- Garrigan Mattar, Sinéad, Primitivism, Science, and the Irish Revival, Oxford University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-19-926895-9
- Genet, Jacqueline, The Big House in Ireland: Reality and Representation, Barnes & Noble, 1991
- Goldsmith, Oliver, The Works of Oliver Goldsmith, London: John Murray, 1854, OCLC 2180329
- Gonzalez, Alexander G, Modern Irish Writers: A Bio-Critical Sourcebook, Greenwood Press, 1997
- Gordon, Donald James, W. B. Yeats: images of a poet: my permanent or impermanent images, Manchester University Press ND, 1970
- Graham, Rigby. "Letter from Dublin", American Notes & Queries, Vol. 10, 1972
- Gregory, Augusta, Seventy years: being the autobiography of Lady Gregory, Macmillan, 1976
- Hennessy, Caroline, Lady Gregory: An Irish Life by Judith Hill, Raidió Teilifís Éireann, 2005-12-30 [2020-02-17], (原始內容存檔於2009-04-06)
- Holmes, John, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and the Late Victorian Sonnet Sequence, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2005
- Igoe, Vivien, A Literary Guide to Dublin, Methuen, 1994, ISBN 0-413-69120-9
- Kavanagh, Peter, The Story of the Abbey Theatre: From Its Origins in 1899 to the Present, New York: Devin-Adair, 1950
- Kermode, Frank, Romantic Image, New York: Vintage Books, 1957
- Kirkpatrick, Kathryn, Border Crossings: Irish Women Writers and National Identities, Tuscaloosa: University Of Alabama Press, 2000
- Komesu, Okifumi; Sekine, Masuru, Irish Writers and Politics, Rowman & Littlefield, 1990, ISBN 0-389-20926-0
- Love, Damian, Sailing to Ithaca: Remaking Yeats in Ulysses, The Cambridge Quarterly, 2007, 36 (1): 1–10
- McCormack, William, The Blackwell Companion to Modern Irish Culture, Oxford: Blackwell, 1999
- Murray, Christopher, Introduction to the abbeyonehundred Special Lecture Series (PDF), www.abbeytheatre.ie, (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2008-03-07)
- Owens, Cóilín; Radner, Joan Newlon, Irish Drama, 1900–1980, CUA Press, 1990
- Pethica, James, Lady Gregory's Diaries 1892–1902, Colin Smythe, 1995, ISBN 0-86140-306-1
- Pethica, James L., Gregory, (Isabella) Augusta, Lady Gregory (1852–1932), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press), 2004 [2020-02-17], (原始內容存檔於2019-09-11)
- Ryan, Philip B, The Lost Theatres of Dublin, The Badger Press, 1998, ISBN 0-9526076-1-1
- Shrank, Bernice; Demastes, William, Irish playwrights, 1880–1995, Westport: Greenwood Press, 1997
- Tuohy, Frank, Yeats, London: Herbert, 1991
- Yeats, William Butler, Writings on Irish Folklore, Legend and Myth, Penguin Classics, 2002 [1993], ISBN 0-14-018001-X
- Yeats, William Butler, Kelly, John; Schuchard, Richard , 編, The collected letters of W. B. Yeats, Oxford University Press, 2005
- Brief History of Coole Park, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, [2013-04-06], (原始內容存檔於2013-04-15)
- Representing the Great War: Texts and Contexts 8th, The Norton Anthology of English Literature, [2020-02-17], (原始內容存檔於2019-05-15)
擴展閱讀
編輯- Kohfeldt, Mary Lou, Lady Gregory: The Woman Behind the Irish Renaissance, André Deutsch, 1984, ISBN 0-689-11486-9
- McDiarmid, Lucy; Waters, Maureen, Lady Gregory: Selected Writings, Penguin Twentieth Century Classics, 1996, ISBN 0-14-018955-6
- Napier, Taura, Seeking a Country: Literary Autobiographies of Irish Women". University Press of America, 2001;, ISBN 0-7618-1934-7
- Boland, Eavan (編), Irish Writers on Writing featuring Augusta, Lady Gregory, Trinity University Press, 2007
- Plays Produced by the Abbey Theatre Co. and its Predecessors, with dates of First Performances, [2004-11-04], (原始內容存檔於2020-06-21)
外部連接
編輯- Lady Gregory的作品 - 古騰堡計劃
- Lady Augusta Gregory - 古滕堡分佈式校對(加拿大)
- 互聯網檔案館中Lady Gregory的作品或與之相關的作品
- 來自格雷戈里夫人的LibriVox公共領域有聲讀物
- 与格雷戈里夫人相关的档案. 英國國家檔案館.
- 英國國家肖像館中的Isabella Augusta, Lady Gregory肖像
- Lady Gregory在國會圖書館管理局的紀錄,有108條目錄ue紀錄