白色毛结节菌病

白色毛结节菌病(White piedra)又称毛干白节症,是担子菌门丝孢酵母属真菌造成的慢性毛发感染[1]。过去认为致病物种仅有T. beigelii(现名T. cutaneum),现已知还有T. asahiiT. mucoidesT. ovoidesT. asteroidesT. inkin等多个物种皆可感染,其中T. inkinT. ovoidesT. cutaneum造成的感染最多[2]。被感染的患者的毛干周围会出现白色或浅黄色、易脱落的不规则结节。全身各处毛发均可能感染,多数患者为头发被感染,而阴毛的感染可能伴随棒状杆菌感染[3]

白色毛结节菌病
症状毛发白色结节、无明显症状
病因丝孢酵母属真菌感染
治疗减除患部毛发、使用含抗真菌药的洗发精
分类和外部资源
医学专科传染病学
ICD-111F2D.2
ICD-9-CM111.2
DiseasesDB31871
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白色毛结节菌病不会在人与人之间传染[3]。在所有人群中年轻女性的感染率最高[2][4]。染病者的毛发样本经氢氧化钾处理后可观察到芽生孢子英语blastospores关节孢子英语Arthrospore[2]。此病除感染毛发外无其他症状,治疗方式包括减除患部毛发、使用含有酮康唑抗真菌药洗发精清洗等[5][6]

丝孢酵母属真菌感染免疫缺乏的患者时,可能发生严重的全身性感染,即丝孢酵母病[7]

参见

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参考文献

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  1. ^ Pontes ZB, Ramos AL, Lima Ede O, Guerra Mde F, Oliveira NM, Santos JP. Clinical and mycological study of scalp white piedra in the State of Paraíba, Brazil (PDF). Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. July 2002, 97 (5): 747–50. PMID 12219146. doi:10.1590/S0074-02762002000500028 . 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Robles-Tenorio, Arturo; Lepe-Moreno, Kenia Yolanda; Mayorga-Rodríguez, Jorge. White Piedra, a Rare Superficial Mycosis: an Update. Current Fungal Infection Reports. 2020-09, 14 (3): 197–202. doi:10.1007/s12281-020-00389-0. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Prieto-Granada, Carlos N.; Lobo, Alice Z.C.; Mihm, Martin C. Skin Infections. Diagnostic Pathology of Infectious Disease. 2018: 542–647. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-44585-6.00020-5. 
  4. ^ Roshan, AnupamaS; Janaki, C; Parveen, B. White piedra in a mother and daughter. International Journal of Trichology. 2009, 1 (2): 140. doi:10.4103/0974-7753.58559. 
  5. ^ Bieber, Amy Kalowitz; Pomeranz, Miriam Keltz; Kim, Randie H. White Piedra . JAMA Dermatology. 2021-03-01, 157 (3): 339. ISSN 2168-6068. PMID 33471028. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.4266. 
  6. ^ Kiken DA, Sekaran A, Antaya RJ, Davis A, Imaeda S, Silverberg NB. White piedra in children. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. December 2006, 55 (6): 956–61. PMID 17097391. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2005.11.1033. 
  7. ^ Marty FM, Barouch DH, Coakley EP, Baden LR. Disseminated trichosporonosis caused by Trichosporon loubieri. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2003, 41 (11): 5317–20. PMC 262469 . PMID 14605194. doi:10.1128/JCM.41.11.5317-5320.2003. 
  8. ^ Greywal, Tanya; Friedlander, Sheila Fallon. Dermatophytes and Other Superficial Fungi. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2018: 1282–1287.e2. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-40181-4.00254-1.