城邦 (阿兹特克)
城邦(古典纳瓦特尔语:āltepētl [aːɬ.ˈté.peːtɬ],意为“水岭”)是前哥伦布时期与西班牙征服时期,阿兹特克文明的政治实体。通常,其划分基于地区与族群。在英语中,āltepētl与city-state(其意也为城邦)等同。[1]
纳瓦特尔语学者利萨·索萨、斯塔福德·普尔与詹姆斯·洛克哈特称:
较之英语中的词语“城邦(city-state)”,他们更认同纳瓦特尔语中城邦的表述。很多关于瓜达卢佩圣母的文献常用“āltepētl”表示墨西哥城(Ciudad de México),但这与其本意是不相称的。
例子
编辑引注
编辑参考文献
编辑- García Martínez, Bernardo. Community Kingdoms: Central Mexico (Nahua). David Carrasco (编). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures: The Civilizations of Mexico and Central America vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2001: 238–239. ISBN 0-19-510815-9. OCLC 44019111.
- Gibson, Charles. The Aztecs Under Spanish Rule: A History of the Indians of the Valley of Mexico, 1519–1810. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 1983 [1964]. ISBN 0-8047-0912-2. OCLC 9359010.
- Lockhart, James. The Nahuas After the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth Through Eighteenth Centuries. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 1996 [1992]. ISBN 0-8047-2317-6. OCLC 24283718.
- Noguez, Xavier. Altepetl. David Carrasco (编). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures: The Civilizations of Mexico and Central America vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2001: 12–13. ISBN 0-19-510815-9. OCLC 44019111.
- Sousa, Lisa; Poole, Stafford; Lockhart, James (编). The Story of Guadalupe: Luis Laso de la Vega's Huei tlamahuiçoltica of 1649. UCLA Latin American studies, vol. 84; Nahuatl studies series, no. 5. Stanford & Los Angeles, CA: Stanford University Press, University of California, Los Angeles Latin American Center Publications. 1998. ISBN 0-8047-3482-8. OCLC 39455844.
- Smith, Michael. The Aztecs. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 1997. ISBN 0-631-23015-7.