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User:EnjoyShea/阿拉贡的胡安二世

< User:EnjoyShea
胡安二世
金羊毛骑士团的胡安骑士
南尼德兰的微型画,1473年
阿拉贡 以及
其他阿拉贡王室 领地的君主
統治1458年6月27日– 1479年1月20日
前任阿丰索五世
繼任斐迪南二世
纳瓦拉国王
統治1452年9月8日– 1479年1月20日
前任布兰卡一世
繼任艾莉诺
共主布兰卡一世
出生1398年6月29日
梅迪纳德尔坎波
逝世1479年1月20日(1479歲—01—20)（80歲）
巴塞罗那
安葬
波夫莱特修道院
配偶布兰卡一世
Juana Enríquez
子嗣
among others...		查理
布兰卡
艾莉诺
费迪南
那不勒斯女王胡安娜
王朝特拉斯塔马拉王朝
父親斐迪南一世
母親艾莉诺
宗教信仰罗马天主教会

John II (加泰罗尼亚语: Joan II),有伟大者 (el Gran) 或 不诚者 (el Sense Fe)之称。[1] (1398年6月29日 – 1479年1月20日),[2] 自1452年起因妻之权而任纳瓦拉国王，自1458年起至其去世，因己之权担任阿拉贡国王。他是斐迪南一世[3] 和妻子艾莉诺的儿子。

Biography

编辑
 
A Sicilian–Athenian–Neopatrian carlino of John II.

John was born at Medina del Campo. In his youth he was one of the infantes (princes) of Aragon who took part in the dissensions of Castile during the minority and reign of John II. Till middle life he was also lieutenant-general in Aragon for his brother and predecessor Alfonso V, whose reign was mainly spent in Italy. In his old age he was engaged in incessant conflicts with his Aragonese and Catalan subjects, with Louis XI of France, and in preparing the way for the marriage of his son Ferdinand with Isabella I of Castile which brought about the union of the crowns of Aragon and Castile and which was to create the Kingdom of Spain. His troubles with his subjects were closely connected with tragic dissensions within his own family.

John was first married to Blanche I of Navarre of the house of Évreux. By right of Blanche he became king of Navarre, and on her death in 1441 he was left in possession of the kingdom for his lifetime. But one son, Charles, given the title "Prince of Viana" as heir of Navarre, had been born of the marriage. John quickly came to regard this son with jealousy. After his second marriage, to Juana Enríquez, it grew into absolute hatred, being encouraged by Juana. John tried to deprive his son of his constitutional right to act as lieutenant-general of Aragon during his father's absence. Charles's cause was taken up by the Aragonese, however, and the king's attempt to make his second wife lieutenant-general was set aside.

There followed the long Navarrese Civil War, with alternations of success and defeat, ending only with the death of the prince of Viana, perhaps by poison administered by his stepmother in 1461. The Catalans, who had adopted the cause of Charles and who had grievances of their own, called in a succession of foreign pretenders in a War against John II. His last years John spent contending with these. He was forced to pawn Roussillon, his possession on the north-east of the Pyrenees, to King Louis XI of France, who refused to part with it.

In his old age John was blinded by cataracts, but recovered his eyesight by the operation of couching conducted by his physician Abiathar Crescas, a Jew. The Catalan revolt was pacified in 1472, but John carried on a war, in which he was generally unfortunate, with his neighbor the French king till his death in 1479. He was succeeded by Ferdinand, his son by his second marriage, who was already married to Isabella I of Castile. With his death and son's accession to the throne of Aragon, the unification of Spain under one royal house began in earnest.

Marriages and issue

编辑

From his first marriage to Blanche of Navarre, John had the following children:

 
A ducat with John II's effigy

From his second marriage to Juana Enríquez, John had the following children:

Illegitimate children:

Ancestors

编辑
EnjoyShea/阿拉贡的胡安二世家族
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. Alfonso XI of Castile (=24)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. Henry II of Castile
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17. Eleanor of Guzmán (=25)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4. John I of Castile
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18. John Manuel of Castile, Prince of Villena (=26)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. Joan Manuel of Castile
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19. Blanca de La Cerda y Lara (=27)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. Ferdinand I of Aragon
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20. Alfonso IV of Aragon
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10. Peter IV of Aragon
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21. Teresa d'Entença
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. Eleanor of Aragon
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22. Peter II of Sicily
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11. Eleanor of Sicily
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23. Elisabeth of Carinthia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. John II of Aragon and Navarre
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24. Alfonso XI of Castile (=16)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12. Alfonso XI of Castile
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. Eleanor of Guzmán (=17)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. Sancho Alfonso, 1st Count of Alburquerque
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26. John Manuel of Castile, Prince of Villena (=18)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. Eleanor of Guzman
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. Blanca de La Cerda y Lara (=19)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. Eleanor of Alburquerque
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28. Afonso IV of Portugal
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. Peter I of Portugal
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29. Beatrice of Castile
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. Beatrice of Portugal
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30. Pedro Fernandez de Castro
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15. Inês de Castro
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31. Aldonza Lorenzo de Valladares
 
 
 
 
 
 

References

编辑
  1. ^ Ferran Soldevila, Ferrán Valls i Taberner, Antonio Badia y Torres, Francesc X. Hernandez, Rafael Tasis i Marca, Francesc Gordo-Guarinos, Eufemià Fort i Cogul, i Miquel Coll i Alentorn
  2. ^ Teófilo F. Ruiz. Spain's centuries of crisis: 1300–1474; Volume 4 of A history of Spain. Wiley-Blackwell. 2007. ISBN 978-1-4051-2789-9. 
  3. ^ Elena Woodacre, The Queens Regnant of Navarre: Succession, Politics, and Partnership, 1274–1512, (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013), 91.

Sources

编辑
 
维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：EnjoyShea/阿拉贡的胡安二世
  • Rivadeneyra. "Cronicas de los reyes de Castilla," Biblioteca de autores espanoles, vols. Ixvi, Ixviii. Madrid, 1845.
  • Zurita, G. Anales de Aragon. Saragossa, 1610.
  • Prescott W. H. History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella. 1854.
  •   本条目包含来自公有领域出版物的文本: Chisholm, Hugh (编). Encyclopædia Britannica (第11版). London: Cambridge University Press. 1911. 
EnjoyShea/阿拉贡的胡安二世
出生于：29 June1397逝世於：20 January1479
統治者頭銜
前任者：
Alfonso the Magnanimous 		King of Aragon, Valencia, Majorca,
Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica;
Count of Barcelona
1458–1479 		繼任者：
Ferdinand the Catholic
Count of Roussillon and Cerdagne
1458–1462 		繼任者：
Louis the Prudent
前任者：
Charles III 		King of Navarre (jure uxoris)
1425–1441
與Blanche I同時在任 		繼任者：
Charles IV de jure
King of Navarre de facto
withholding the crown from
Charles IV and Blanche II
1441–1479 		繼任者：
Eleanor
西班牙貴族爵位（英语：Spanish nobility）
空缺
上一位持有相同頭銜者：
Martin of Aragon 		Duke of Montblanc
1415–1458 		繼任者：
Ferdinand II of Aragon
前任者：
James II of Urgell 		Lord of Balaguer
1418–1458
前任者：
Hugh of Cardona 		Duke of Gandia
1433–1439 		繼任者：
Charles of Viana

Template:Infantes of Aragon

Template:Navarrese monarchs

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