萘夫西林
萘夫西林钠(英語:Nafcillin sodium)是青霉素类的窄谱[1]β-内酰胺类抗生素。[2]作为一种耐β-内酰胺酶的青霉素,它可用于治疗由革兰氏阳性菌引起的感染,尤其是对其他青霉素耐药的葡萄球菌。
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臨床資料 | |
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AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a685019 |
给药途径 | 肌肉注射, 静脉注射 |
ATC碼 | |
法律規範狀態 | |
法律規範 |
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藥物動力學數據 | |
血漿蛋白結合率 | 90% |
药物代谢 | <30% 肝 |
生物半衰期 | 0.5小时 |
排泄途徑 | 胆和肾 |
识别信息 | |
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CAS号 | 985-16-0 ![]() |
PubChem CID | |
DrugBank | |
ChemSpider | |
UNII | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.174 |
化学信息 | |
化学式 | C21H22N2O5S |
摩尔质量 | 414.48 g·mol−1 |
3D模型(JSmol) | |
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萘夫西林被认为在治疗上等同于苯唑西林,尽管一项回顾性研究发现与服用苯唑西林的患者相比,服用萘夫西林的患者低钾血症和急性肾损伤的发生率更高。[3]
适应症
编辑萘夫西林适用于治疗葡萄球菌感染,但由耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌引起的除外。[4]
副作用
编辑与所有青霉素一样,可能会发生严重的危及生命的过敏反应。
较轻微的副作用包括:
相互作用
编辑有证据表明萘夫西林诱导细胞色素P450酶,特别是CYP2C9。一些具有窄治疗窗的药物,如华法林和硝苯地平,由CYP2C9代谢。[7]
萘夫西林含有作为稳定介质添加的盐。这些添加的盐可能会导致水肿或积液。如果担心充血性心力衰竭或肾脏疾病,应避免使用这种药物。[來源請求]
参考资料
编辑- ^ Palmer DL, Pett SB, Akl BF. Bacterial wound colonization after broad-spectrum versus narrow-spectrum antibiotics. Ann. Thorac. Surg. March 1995, 59 (3): 626–31. PMID 7887701. doi:10.1016/0003-4975(94)00992-9.
- ^ Tan AK, Fink AL. Identification of the site of covalent attachment of nafcillin, a reversible suicide inhibitor of beta-lactamase. Biochem. J. January 1992, 281 (1): 191–6. PMC 1130660 . PMID 1731755. doi:10.1042/bj2810191.
- ^ Viehman, J. Alexander; Oleksiuk, Louise-Marie; Sheridan, Kathleen R.; Byers, Karin E.; He, Peimei; Falcione, Bonnie A.; Shields, Ryan K. Adverse Events Lead to Drug Discontinuation More Commonly among Patients Who Receive Nafcillin than among Those Who Receive Oxacillin. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. May 2016, 60 (5): 3090–3095. PMC 4862451 . PMID 26976858. doi:10.1128/AAC.03122-15.
- ^ Pham P, Bartlett JG. Nafcillin. Point-of-Care Information Technology ABX Guide. Johns Hopkins University. January 2, 2009 [2023-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2018-04-16). Retrieved on July 10, 2009. Freely available with registration.
- ^ Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Kanu C, et al. ACC/AHA 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (writing committee to revise the 1998 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease): developed in collaboration with the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists: endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation. August 2006, 114 (5): e84–231. PMID 16880336. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.176857 .
- ^ JA Mohr. (1979). Nafcillin-associated hypokalemia. JAMA
- ^ Lang CC, Jamal SK, Mohamed Z, Mustafa MR, Mustafa AM, Lee TC. Evidence of an interaction between nifedipine and nafcillin in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol. June 2003, 55 (6): 588–90. PMC 1884262 . PMID 12814453. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01789.x.